Dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection
Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection
Disaimisong Linsuanna Zhusheye
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate
This product is a colorless clear liquid。
The effects of dexamethasone are basically similar to those of hydrocortisone，But it has a strong effect，Long time to show effect，Less side effects。Anti-inflammatory and glycogenogenesis are hydrocortisone25Double，The effect of water and sodium retention and potassium excretion is slightly smaller than that of hydrocortisone。For pituitary－Strong inhibitory effect of adrenal cortex axis。Dexamethasone in addition to the above effects，Can also be used for femalesPetsThe induction of labor during the same period，But it can increase the retention rate of placenta，Delayed lactation，The uterus returns to normal later。After subcutaneous administration of dogs，Shows rapid systemic effect，0.5Peak blood drug concentration at hourly，Half-life approximately48Hour，mainExcretion through feces and urine。
1.Phenobarbital and other liver enzyme inducers can promote the metabolism of this type of drug，Reduce the efficacy of the medicine。2.Can speed up the elimination of salicylate、Reduced efficacy，It can also cause peptic ulcers when used together。3.Can reduce the efficacy of oral anticoagulant，The dosage of anticoagulant should be appropriately increased when both are used together。4.Thiazide diuretics can promote potassium excretion，Potassium supplementation should be paid attention to when using it together。
Glucocorticoid drugs。Have anti-inflammatory、Anti-allergic and affecting sugar metabolism。For inflammatory、Allergic diseases。
withDexamethasone sodium phosphate meter。Subcutaneous、Intravenous injection：Daily quantity， dog、cat0.125-1 mg。Or follow the doctor's advice。
1.Anti-inflammatory：Glucocorticoid drugs（Tag dosage；FDAapprove）：Injection：0.25-1 mg/dog（Nomg/kg）Intravenous or subcutaneous injection；Can be used continuously3-5sky。
2.Initial anti-inflammatory indications（Extra instruction manual medication）：0.07-0.14 mg/kg/sky。
3.Response after vaccination（Extra instruction manual medication）：0.1 mg/kgOne intravenous injection。For dogs who have mild post-vaccination reactions and need treatment，Single anti-inflammatory dose should be given。
4.Addison is in crisis：Dexamethasone sodium phosphate0.1-0.2 mg/kgIntravenous injection as the initial dose。Dexamethasone will not be measured in cortisol assay，Therefore, after dexamethasone is administeredACTH Stimulation tests are effective。If the dog vomits or loses appetite，Dexamethasonewith0.05-0.1 mg/kgIntravenous injection，Every12Once every hour，Until you can switch to oral prednisone（dragon）As a replacement drug for corticosteroids。
5.Addison is in crisis：Dexamethasone sodium phosphate0.2～0.5 mg/kgOne intravenous injection；Prednisone is subsequently used for maintenance treatment。with prednisonedifferent，Dexamethasone does not interfere with cortisol detection。
6.Immunosuppressants（Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia；Extra instruction manual medication）：If the patient cannot tolerate oral medication，Temporary intravenous injection0.2-0.4 mg/kg/sky。There is a document that describes the use of injection and oral dexamethasone for treatment of masticatory myositis in dogs，The initial injection dose is 0.2 mg/kg，The initial oral dose is approximately 0.1 mg/kg，Then gradually reduce the amount。
7.As a chemotherapy drug（Extra instruction manual medication）：
(1).When prednisone is not allowed orally（dragon）Parenteral glucocorticoid treatment：Based on experience，Calculate equivalent prednisone（dragon）dose（Prednisone（dragon）Dosage removalwith7），Intravenous injection untilwithBegin oral prednisone（dragon）。
8.As a diagnostic drug：
(1)Low-dose dexamethasone inhibition test（LDDS，Extra instruction manual medication）：Intravenous dexamethasone0.01 mg/kgBefore and after4Hours and8Hourly picksintegratingPlasma samples to detect cortisol。8Hours of plasma cortisol levels are used as screening test for hyperadrenal cortex；Cortisol concentration is higher than laboratory threshold（Usually greater than1.4 μg/dL）Consistent with hyperadrenal cortex。LDDSThe test is a screening test，Sensitivity is85-100 %，Specificity is44-73 %。about90 %Dog with hyperadrenal cortex is injected with dexamethasone8The plasma cortisol concentration after hours is greater than that of1.4 μg/dL，Also6-8 %The dog value is0.9-1.3 μg/dLbetween。LDDSThe test results can also be used3A standard to distinguish pituitary-dependent hyperactivity of adrenal cortex（PDH）and adrenal cortical tumors（ACT）。If a dog with hyperadrenal cortex is satisfiedwithDown3Any of the standards，Most likely to suffer from PDH：①8The plasma cortisol is greater than that of1.4 μg/dLBut less than the base value50 %；②4The plasma cortisol concentration is less than1 μg/dL；③4The plasma cortisol concentration is less than the basal value at hourly50 %。about65 %Occurs naturallyPDHThe dog shows that3Standard suppression。One has hyper-adrenal cortex but does not meet this3A standard dog，Probably suffering fromPDHorACT。passedAbdominal ultrasound or high-dose dexamethasone inhibition test（see below）Perform additional testing，May help differentiate between the two situations；If the abdominal ultrasound shows that the bilateral adrenal glands are relatively equal in size，Patients are most likely to havePDH。
(2)High-dose dexamethasone inhibition test（HDDS，Extra instruction manual medication）：Intravenous dexamethasone0.1 mg/kgBefore and after4 Hours and8 Hourly picksintegratingPlasma samples to detect cortisol。
HDDSTests are used to distinguishPDHandACTIdentification test；Screening tests should only be conducted（LDDSorACTHStimulation test）Performed in dogs diagnosed with hyperadrenal cortex。HDDSThe result is satisfiedwithUnder any standard dog may havePDH：①4Hour or8The plasma cortisol is less than the basal value at hourly50 %；②4Hour or8The plasma cortisol is less than the laboratory threshold（Usually about1-1.5 μg/dL）。about75 %Suffered fromPDHThe dog is inHDDSInhibitory manifestation in the trial。Because of the appointment65 %ofPDH The dog is inLDDSInhibitory manifestation in the trial（andPDHConsistent），HDDSThe trial may only be additionally identified10 %Sick dog。
1.Anti-inflammatory；Glucocorticoid drugs（Tag dosage）：Injection：0.125-0.5 mg/cat（Nomg/kg）Intravenous or subcutaneous injection；Can be used continuously3-5sky。
2.Anti-inflammatory；Glucocorticoid drugs（Extra instruction manual medication）：Injection：0.1 mg/kgSubcutaneous injection。
3.Initial anti-inflammatory indications（Extra instruction manual medication）：0.14-0.28 mg/kg/sky。
4.Allergic dermatitis（Extra instruction manual medication）：Use of dexamethasone sodium phosphate（4 mg/mL）Injection，0.2 mg/kg/Tian Oral Can Quickly Relieve Itching and Clinical Symptoms。
5.Alternative treatment of glucocorticoid activity in patients with adrenal insufficiency（Notice：Dexamethasone mineralocorticoid activity）：Dexamethasone sodium phosphate0.1-0.2 mg/kgIntravenous or subcutaneous injection as the initial dose。Dexamethasone will not be measured in cortisol assay，Therefore, after dexamethasone is administeredACTHStimulation tests are effective。If the cat vomits or loses appetite，DexamethasonewithEvery12Give once a hour，Until oral prednisolone can be used as a replacement for glucocorticoids。
6.As a diagnostic drug：
(1)Low-dose dexamethasone inhibition test（LDDS，Extra instruction manual medication）：This is the first choice trial for the initial diagnosis of hyperadrenal cortex in cats。Notice：Cats need to perform this test higher than dogs。Intravenous dexamethasone0.1 mg/kgBefore and after4Hours and8Hourly picksintegratingPlasma samples to detect cortisol。
If the patient shows the corresponding clinical symptoms at the same time，Cortisol concentration is greater than or equal to1.4 µg/dL Consistent with the diagnosis of hyperadrenal cortex。
(2)High-dose dexamethasone inhibition test（HDDS，Extra instruction manual medication）：Performing this testwithdistinguishPDHandACTBefore，Hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex should be diagnosed first。Notice：Cats need to perform this test higher than dogs。Intravenous dexamethasone1 mg/kgBefore and after4Hours and8Hourly picksintegratingPlasma samples to detect cortisol。HDDSThe result is satisfiedwithUnder any standard cat may suffer fromPDH：①4Hour or8The plasma cortisol is less than the basal value at hourly50 %； ②4Hour or8The plasma cortisol is less than the laboratory threshold（Usually about1-1.5 μg/dL）。
(3)HDDStestjointly withUrinary cortisol creatinine ratio（UCCR，Extra instruction manual medication）：forUCCRCats with elevated values and clinical symptoms consistent with hyperadrenal cortex：At home，Every8Oral dexamethasone0.1 mg/kg，The next morningintegratingUrine samples are performedUCCRTest。If dexamethasone is administeredUCCRSmaller than the sample before the test50 %，Results andPDHConsistent；Greater than50 %The results cannot be distinguishedPDHandACT。
1.Strong immunosuppressive effect。
2.Abortion may occur occasionally when using large doses in the late pregnancy。
3.Can cause dogs to become dull，Dry hair，Weight gain，respite，Vomit，diarrhea， Elevated liver drug metabolization enzymes，pancreatitis，Gastrointestinal ulcer，Lipidemia，Causing or intensifying diabetes，Muscle atrophy，Behavior change(Depressed、lethargy、Rich in attack),Disposal may need to be terminated。
4.Cats can be seen and drink a lot、Eat more、Polyuria、Weight gain、Diarrhea or depression。Long-term high-dose administration can lead to corticosteroid secretion disorders。
1.Disabled in animals in the early and late stages of pregnancy。
2.Severe liver dysfunction、Osteopathy、Fracture treatment period、Trauma repair period、vaccine Animals are prohibited during vaccination。
3.Strictly master the indication certificate，Prevent abuse。
4.For bacterial infections, it should be used in combination with antibacterial drugs.。
5.Can't stop taking medicine suddenly after a long period of time，It should be gradually reduced，Until the medication is stopped。
1 ml:5 mg
10Support
Light-blocking，Confined storage。
2Year